Governor



E. I. BLAKE.

GOVERNOR.

APPLICATION FILED FEBIO, 1919.

LA@ 1,660., Patented July 4, 1922,

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

M aen, 46,47%

E. L BLAKE.

GOVERNOR.

APPUICATION FILED FEB. lo. 1919.

L42 1,660-, Patented July 4, 1922n 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

@Mommy S f zen of the United entran sTaTTs PATENT 1onirica.

um J. BLAKE, or Burraro, new Torta, Assrerron. To eounn ocurran. coureur,

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Mannen.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented J1' uly 4, 1922.

Application filed February 10, 1919. Serial No. 275,967.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ELI J. BLAKE, a citi- States, residing at Bufalo, county of Erie, State of New York, and whose 'post-oliice address is care Gould Coupler Co., Depew, New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Governors, of which the following is a specific'ation.

My invention relates to governors and articularly to governors for steam turbines. An object of my invention is to produce a governor which is sensitive, operates with little wear on the moving parts, which may be easily and accurately aligned and which is rugged and substantial in construction.

My invention will be better understood by referring to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification, and in which Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of the governor and part ofthe turbine case on line 1 1 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 2 is an end elevation of Fig. 1 with the cover shown in section on line 2 2, Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a view of the follower 10 showing the arrangement of the rejections;

Fig. 4 is a sectional view of the follower on line 4 4 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a plan view of the member 31 showing holes at varying distances from the center thereof, andV Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken on line 6 6 of Fig. 1.

Referring to the drawings, 1 is a power shaft. Threaded onto the power shaft 1 and concentrically arranged therewith is a member 2. This member has a hollowed cylindrical portion 3. Pivotally arranged within the member 2 are centrifugal members 4, the same being pivoted at 5. Each of the members 4 has a jections bear upon the end of a valve control member 7. This member has through one end thereof a pin 8 with a shoulder 8a on one end thereof. Surrounding the other end of the pin 8 is a collar 9 and surrounding the collar 9 and shoulder 8a is a spring follower 10 shown in detail in Figs. 3 and 4. One part of the follower 10 rests against the pin 8 and on top ofthe collar 9 and shoulder 8,

projection 6 at substantially right angles thereto. The ends of these pro- L The follower 10 has projections 11 which engage the pin 8.- On the other side of the follower 10 bearsone end of a coil spring 12. The other end of the spring 12 bears against a lock washer 13, which in turn bears against a nut 14 screwed onto the portion 3 of the member 2. The nut 14 is generally cupshaped. The lock washer 13 has feet 15 which slide in slots cut in the thread on the member 3 so as to prevent relative rotation between the washer 13 and the member 3. The nut 14 has depressions 16 at intervals therein and the lock washer 13 has projections 17 thereon adapted 'to engage the depressions 16 normally to prevent rotation between the lock washer 13 and the nut 14 thereby preventing relative rotation between the nut 14 and the part 3. By rotation of the nut 14 the compression of the spring 12 is regulated or adjusted and in that way the operation of the governor is controlled by its effect upon the centrifugal members 4. The nut 14 may be rotated by means of a wrench or other suitable means, in which event the projections 17 will slip out of the recesses 16 and then slide around on the plane surface of the nut 14 until the other depressions 16 are encountered, whereupon the projections will snap into place to hold the nut in the new position.

Fastened vonto the end of the member 7 is a flanged sleeve 18 and a collar 19, the same being held in place by the Cotter-pin 20. Surrounding the flanged sleeve 18 but within the flange is a carbon or other selflubricating block 21. This member 21 is held in place by holder 22, said members forming athrust bearing. The holder 22 is supported by arms 23 on a member 24, which is pivoted at 25 on the casing 26 (see Fig. 2). A connection between the holder 22 and the arms 23 is effected by means of rods 27 and 28, through which are placed vCotterpins 29. On the other end of the rod 28 is mounted a sleeve 30 on which is mounted a double flanged member 31, the same being mounted so as to rotate around the sleeve 30. `An arm 32 of the member 24 surrounds the rod 28 below the sleeve 30. The member 31 has a number of holes 33 therein at varying distances from the rod 28, as shown in Fig. 5. Attached to the member 31-is a valve member 34. The member 34 may be adjusted with respect to the rod 28 by connecting the same in any desired one of the holes 33. The valve member 34 has thereon valves 35 and 36. Arranged in the turbine casing 37 are steam passages 38, 39 and 40, the passages 38 and 39 being connected to a source of steam, whereas the passage 40 leads to the turbine nozzle.' Arranged in the casing 37 which is taper bored is a valve sleeve 4l having a similar taper to that of the casing 37. This sleeve has an inte al thread 42 thereon which engages a simllar thread on the casing 37. Bored through the sleeve 41 are four -holes`43 which open into the passage 39, four similar holes 44 which open into the passage 40 and four similar holes 45 which open into the passage 38. These holes are bored preferably at 90 from each other. Arranged within the sleeve 41 is a bushing 46 held in place by a pin 47, this bushing 46 closely surrounding the valve member 34 but providin sufficient clearance for easy operation. he valve member 34 is 1supported at one end by the bushing 46 and at the other end by a part 48 whlch closely fits within the'valve sleeve 41 but between which is provided sufficient clearance to permit of easy operation. The valves 35 and 36 are of suiiicient size to permit of slight clearance in order to prevent sticking of the valves at the edge of their respective ports. Surrounding the parts .above described is a cover 49.

The operation of my device is as follows Until the shaft- 1 reaches a certain predetermined speed, the parts remain in the position shown in Fig. 1. When the critical speed is exceeded the centrifugal members 4 iiy outwardly, whereupon the ends 6 move in a direction to push the control member 7 to the right against the compression of the spring 12. All of the parts above mentioned, together with the collar 19 and flanged sleeve 18, rotate with the shaft 1. This movement of the member 7 permits the valve member 34 to move to the right, this movement normally being caused by the steam pressure in the passage 38 against the end 48 of the valve member 34, the other steam pressures on said member being balanced one against the other. The movement of the member 34 to the right partially closes the steam passages 44 and 45,' that is to say, the valve member 35 decreases the iiow of steam from the passage 39 through the openings 44 and the valve 36 likewise reduces the flow of steam from the passage 38 through the passages 45. In theevent that the unequal steam pressure on the end of the member 34 is-notv suiiicient to close the same or for some reason the said member sticks, the collar 19 on the member 7 will engage the holder 22 and force` the rod 34 to the right by rotating the member 24 around its pivot '25, thereby transmitting the motion from the member 7 to the member 34. The partial closing of the valves w1ll cause the speed of the shaft 1 todecrease, whereupon the centrifugal members 4 will permit the spring 12 to push the rod 7 to the left which has the opposite effect above described, that is to say, moves the rod 34 tothe left. This is accomplished by the fia-nge 18 engaging the carbon or other simila; material 21 and pushing the same to the le t.

The sleeve 41 has a tapered exterior, whereas the interior is a straight. cylindrical bore. Within the sleeve 41 is placed the bushing 46 with a long bearing surface surrounding the valve 34, which effectively prevents the leakage of steam. The provision of the integral thread 42 on the member 41 permits of ready and easy insertion and removal ofthe member 41 from the casing 37, and also the taper bore permits of an effective steam barrier between the various `passages 38, 39 and 40.

The provision of the self-lubricating thrust bearing member 21 eliminates the consideration of lubrication, and permits of easy operation. The arrangement of a connection between the member 34 and the rod 28 permits adjustment of the valves 35 and 36; it also provides free operation of the member 34 by permitting a certain 'self-adjustment of the member 34 by reason of its connection around the pin passing through it and the anges of the member 31. This result is aided also by the fact that the member 31 is free to rotate around the sleeve 30.

From the foregoing, it will be noted also that the unbalanced pressure normally tends to close the valves, which, in the event of a break of external connections, would effect a shut down of the turbine; also in the event that during normal operation the valve `member 34 for any reason whatever failed to move to the right to close the valves 35 and 36, the full force of the centrifugal members would be applied to close the valves by reason of the engagement of the collar 19 with the holder 2 Likewise upon a slowing down of the shaft 1, the flange 18, by its engagement with the member 21, forcibly 'moves the valves 35 and 36 open.

By thus co-ordinating the elements above described, I have produced a device which has elements of safety, in the -event of breaking of external connections, and of positive operation in both directions by means of the connection between the member 7 and the member 34. At the Sametime easy ali ment is permitted by reason of the pecullar connections above described, and compactness is secured by my ability to place'the valve parallel with the shaft 1, 'and notwithmember, a member rotating on an axis parallel to the movement of said sliding valve member, a pivoted frame, means connecting said slidin valve member with said pivoted frame, sai valve being unbalanced whereby the valve member normally tends' to swin said frame about its pivot and close the valve, a spring acting on said frame opposing the closing of the valve, and centrifugal means operated by said rotating member and acting on said spring to permit the valve to close responsive to speed variations of the rotating member.

2. In a governor mechanism the combination of a control valve having a sliding valve member, a rotating member, said valve belng l unbalanced whereby the pressure of the Huid medium vcontrolled by the valve normally tends to close the valve, a spring opposing the closing of the valve, and centrifugal means operated by said rotating member and acting on said spring to permit the valve to close responsive to speed variations of the rotating member.

3. In a governor mechanism the combination of a control valve having a-sliding valve member, said valve being unbalanced whereby the pressure of the fluid medium controlled by the valve normally tends to'close the valve, amovable frame, means connecting the sliding valve member with the frame, a rotating member centrifugal means operated by said rotating member, and means moved by said centrifugal means and moving said frame to cause the sliding valve member to be actuated responsive to speed changes of said rotating member, -said last mentioned means embodying a self-lubrieating thrust bearing member.

4. In a governor mechanism the combination of a control valve having a sliding valve member, said valve being unbalanced whereby the pressure of the fluid medium controlled by the valve normally tends to close the valve, a movable frame, means connecting the sllding valve member with the frame, said last mentioned means comprising a member rotatable on the frame and'having points of connection with the sliding valve member at dierent distances from its axis and radially arranged, a rotating member, centrifugal means operated by said rotating member and means moved by said centrifugal means and moving said frame to cause the sliding valve member to be actuated responsive to speed changes of said rotating member.

5. In a governor mechanism the combination of a control valve having a sliding valye member, a rotating member the axis of whlch is parallel to the movement of the sliding valve member, centrifugal means actuated by said rotating member, a movable frame, meansrconnectin the sliding valve-member with said mova le frame and means connected with the frame and movable -by the centrifugal means responsive to speed changes of the rotating member, whereby as the speed of the rotating member increases, the said last mentioned cong necting means and said sliding valve member are both moved in close the valve.

6. In a governor mechanism the combination of a control valve having a sliding valve member, said valve bein unbalanced whereby the pressure of the uid medium controlled by the valve normally tends to close the valve, a rotating member the axis of which is parallel to the movement of the sliding valve member, centrifugal means actuated by said rotating member, a movable frame, means connecting the slidin valve member with said movable frame an means connected with the frame and movable by the centrifugal means responsive to speed changes of the rotating member, whereby as the speed of the rotating member increases, the sald last mentioned connecting means and said sliding valve member are both moved in the same direction to close the valve, and a spring normally tending to hold the valve open.

7. In a governor mechanism the combination of a control valve having a sliding valve member, a frame pivoted on an axis at right angles to the line of movement'of the sliding valve member, a member rotatin on an axis at right angles to the axis o the frame and on the same side' thereof as said sliding valve member, means connecting the sliding valve member with the frame, and centrifugal means operated by the rotating member to move the frame about its axis and thereby move the valve member responsive to variations in speed of the rotating member.

8. In a governor mechanism the combination of a control valve having a sliding valve member, a frame pivoted on an axis at right the same direction to angles to the line of movement of the slidt with the frame, and

given longitudinal movement along the axis of said rotating member by said centrifu al means, a spring tending to move s ald sllding member in a direction op osmg said centrifugal means, and a thrust earing between said rotating sliding member and said frame, said beaiing acting against the frame under the action of the said spring.

9. In a governor mechanism the combination of a control valve havin a sliding valve member, said valve being un alanced whereby the pressure of the fluid medium controlled by the valve normally tends to close the valve, a frame pivoted on an axis at ri ht angles to the line of movement of the sliding valve member, a member rotating on an axis at right angles to the axis of the frame and on the same side thereof as said sliding valve member, means connecting the slidin valve member with the frame, and centri ugal means operated by the rotating member, a sliding member rotating with said rotating member and adapted to be given longitudinal movement along the axis of said rotating member by said centrifugal means, a spring tending to move said sllding member in a direction opposin said centrifugal means, and' a self-lubricating thrust bearing between said rotating sliding member and said frame, said bearing acting against the frame under the action of the said spring.

10. A governor mechanism having in com-l bination, a rotating shaft, a frame member rigidl secured to the end of said shaft and exten ing beyond the same, a stem slidable in said frame member, centrifugal members pivoted on said frame member and acting to move said stem axially of the shaft when the speed of the shaft reaches a predetermined value, a cup shaped member secured to said frame member around said stem, having an abutment at its forward end, a compression spring, nested within said cup Shapedmember and opposing the centrifugal act-lon of the centrifugal members, said spring having its forward end positioned against said abutment, a follower secured to said stem and bearing against the rear end of said spring and a control valve controlled b said stem whereb when the speed of the s aft attains a pre etermined value the centrifugal members control the control valve, said valve being unbalanced whereb the pressure of the fluid medium control ed by the valve normally tends to close the valve.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification.

ELI J. BLAKE. 

